1.6 Symbols (p. II)
Greek letters
α
inclination of a foundation base to the horizontal
β
slope angle of the ground behind a wall (upward positive)
δ
structure-ground interface friction angle
δd
design value of δ
γ
weight density
γ'
effective weight density
γa
partial factor for anchorages
γa;p
partial factor for permanent anchorages
γa;t
partial factor for temporary anchorages
γb
partial factor for the base resistance of a pile
γc'
partial factor for the effective cohesion
γcu
partial factor for the undrained shear strength
γE
partial factor for the effect of an action
γf
partial factor for actions, which takes account of the possibility of unfavourable deviations of the action values from the representative values
γF
partial factor for an action
γG
partial factor for a permanent action
γG;dst
partial factor for a permanent destabilising action
γG;stb
partial factor for a permanent stabilising action
γm
partial factor for a soil parameter (material property)
γm;i
partial factor for a soil parameter in stratum i
γM
partial factor for a soil parameter (material property), also accounting for model uncertainties
γQ
partial factor for unconfined strength
γqu
partial factor for a resistance
γR
partial factor for a variable action
γR;d
partial factor for uncertainty in a resistance model
γR;e
partial factor for earth resistance
γR;h
partial factor for sliding resistance
γR;v
partial factor for bearing resistance
γs
partial factor for shaft resistance of a pile
γS;d
partial factor for uncertainties in modelling the effects of actions
γQ;dst
partial factor for a destabilising action causing hydraulic failure
γQ;stb
partial factor for a stabilising action against hydraulic failure
γs;t
partial factor for tensile resistance of a pile
γt
partial factor for total resistance of a pile
γw
weight density of water
γφ’
partial factor for the angle of shearing resistance (tan φ')
γγ
partial factor for weight density
θ
direction angle of H
ξ
correlation factor depending on the number of piles tested or of profiles of tests
ξa
correlation factor for anchorages
ξ1; ξ2
correlation factors to evaluate the results of static pile load tests
ξ3; ξ4
correlation factors to derive the pile resistance from ground investigation results, not being pile load tests.
ξ5; ξ6
correlation factors to derive the pile resistance from dynamic impact tests
ψ
factor for converting the characteristic value to the representative value
σstb;d
design value of stabilising total vertical stress
σ'h;0
horizontal component of effective earth pressure at rest
σ(z)
stress normal to a wall at depth z
τ(z)
stress tangential to a wall at depth z
φ'
angle of shearing resistance in terms of effective stress
φcv
critical state angle of shearing resistance
φcv;d
design value of φcv
φ'd
design value of φ'
Abbreviations
CFA Continuous flight auger piles
OCR over-consolidation ratio
NOTE 1 The symbols commonly used in all Eurocodes are defined in EN 1990:2002
NOTE 2 The notation of the symbols used is based on ISO 3898:1997.
(2) For geotechnical calculations, the following units or their multiples are recommended:
- force kN
- mass kg
- moment kNm
- mass density kg/m3
- weight density kN/m3
- stress, pressure, strength and stiffness kPa
- coefficient of permeability m/s
- coefficient of consolidation m2/s
