Annex X
(Informative)
Bibliography
X.1 Abbreviations and notations
The following notations have been used in this annex.
X.2 Documents related to soil and rock sampling and groundwater measurements
BS 5930:1999, Code of practice for site investigations
DIN 4021:1990, Ground exploration by excavation, boring and sampling
Hvorslev, M.J.
Subsurface exploration and sampling of soils for civil engineering purposes. US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Miss, USA, 1949
NF XP, P 94-202:1995, Sols: Reconnaissance el essais. Prélèvement des sols et des roches. Méthodologie et procédures
Svensson, C.
Analysis and use of groundwater level observations.
Gothenburg: Diss. Chalmers University of Technology. Dept. Geology. Publ. A 49, 1984. (In Swedish with abstract and summary in English)
X.3 Field tests8 
X.3.1 Cone penetration test
Bergdahl, U., Ottosson, E., Malmborg, B.S.
Plattgrundläggning (Spread foundations) (in Swedish)
Stockholm: AB Svensk Byggtjänst, 1993
282 pages
Biedermann, B.
Comparative investigations with sounding methods in silt.
Forschungsberichte aus Bodenmechanik und Grundbau Nr. 9 (In German).
Aachen: Technische Hochschule, 1984
DIN 1054:2003
Baugrund – Sicherheitsnachweise im Erd– und Grundbau.
(Subsoil – verification of the safety of earthworks and foundation) (in German)
DIN 4094-1:2002
Baugrund – Felduntersuchungen -Teil 1: Drueksondierungen
(Subsoil – Field investigations – Part 1: Cone penetration tests) (in German).
Lunne, T., Robertson, P.K., Powell, J.J.M.
Cone penetration testing in geotechnical practice.
Originally London: Blackie Academic & Professional, then New York: Spon Press and E&F Spoil,
1997
312 pages
Melzer. K.J., Bergdahl U.
Geotechnical field investigations.
Geotechnical Engineering Handbook, Volume 1: Fundamentals.
Berlin: Ernst & Sohn. 2002
pp51-117
NEN 6743-1:2006
Geotechniek – Berekeningsmethode voor funderingen op palen. Drukpalen.
(Geotechnics – Calculation method for bearing capacity of pile foundations. Compression piles)
Schmertmann, J.H.
Static cone to compute settlement over sand
Jnl Soil Mech. Fdns Div., ASCE, 96, SM3, May, 1970
pp 1011-1043
Schmertmann, J.H., Hartman J.P., Brown, P.R.
Improved strain influence factor diagrams
Jnl Geotech. Enging Div., ASCE, 104, GT8, Proc. Paper 7302, August, 1978
pp 1131-1135
Sanglerat. G.
The penetrometer and soil exploration
Amsterdam: Elsevier Publishing Company, 1972
464 pages
Stenzel, G., Melzer, K.J.
Soil investigations by penetration testing according to DIN 4094. (In German)
Tiefbau 20, S., 1978
pp 155-160, 240-244.
X.3.2 Pressuremeter test
EN ISO 22476-7 Geotechnical investigation and testing — Field testing — Part 7: Borehole jack test
Clarke B.G, Gambin M.P.
Pressuremeter testing in onshore ground investigations.
A report by 1SSMGE Committee TC 16.
Atlanta: Proc. 1st Int. Conf. on Site Characterization, 1998
Vol. 2, 1429-1468
Clarke. B.G.
Pressuremeters in Geotechnical design.
Glasgow; Blackie Academic and Professional, 1995
364 pages
Ministère de l'Equipement du Logement et des Transports (1993)
Règles techniques de conception et de calcul des fountdations des ouvrages de Génie civil, CCTG,
Fascicule no. 62, Titre V.
X.3.3 Standard penetration test
Burland, J.B. and Burbridge, M.C.
Settlements of foundations on sand and gravel
UK: Proceedings Inst. Civil Engineers, Part 1, 78, Dec, 1985
pp 1325-1381.
Canadian Foundation Engineering Manual
Third Edition, Canadian Geotechnical Society, 1992
Technical Committee on Foundations,
BiTech Publishers Ltd, 1995.
Clayton C.R.I.
The Standard Penetration Test (SPT): methods and use.
London: Construction Industry Research Information Association (CIRIA), Report 143
143 pages
Skempton, A.W.
Standard penetration test procedures and the effects in sands of overburden pressure relative density, particle size, ageing and over-consolidation
Geotechnique 36, No. 3, 1986;
pp 425-447.
US Army Corps of Engineers
ASCE, Technical Engineering and design guides as adapted from the US Army Corps of Engineers. No. 7:
Bearing capacity of soils (1993), ASCE Press.
X.3.4 Dynamic probing test
Bergdahl, U., Ottosson, E.. Malmborg, B.S.
Plattgrundläggning (Spread foundations) (in Swedish)
Stockholm: AB Svensk Byggtjänst, 1993
282 pages.
Biedermann. B.
Comparative investigations with sounding methods in silt
Forschungsberichte aus Bodenmechanik und Grundbau Nr. 9 (In German)
Aachen: Technische Hochschule, 1984
Butcher, A.P. McElmeel, K., Powell, J.J.M.
Dynamic probing and its use in clay soils.
Proc Int Confon Advances in Site Investigation Practice.
London: Inst, Civil Engineers, 1995
pp 383-395.
DIN 4094-3:2002
Baugrund – Felduntersuchungen – Teil 3: Rammsondierungen
(Subsoil – Field investigations -Part 3: Dynamic probing) (in German).
DIN V 1054-100:1996
Baugrund —Sicherheitsnachweise im Erd– und Grundbau, Teil 100: Berechnung nach dem Konzept mit Teilsicherheitsbeiwerten
(Soil verification of the safety of earthworks and foundation. Part 100: Analysis in accordance with the partial safety factor concept) (in German).
Recommendations of the Committee for Waterfront Structures, Harbours and Waterways (EAU 1996).
Berlin: W. Ernst & Sohn, 2000
599 pages.
Melzer K.J., Bergdahl, U. (2002)
Geotechnical field investigations.
Geotechnical Engineering Handbook, Volume 1: Fundamentals.
Berlin: Ernst & Sohn, 2002
pages 51-117.
Stenzel, G., Melzer, K.J.
Soil investigations by penetration testing according to DIN 4094.
Tiefbau 20, S. 155 – 160, 240 – 244 (In German), 1978
X.3.5 Weight sounding test
CEN ISO/TS 22476-10, Geotechnical investigation and testing – Field testing – Part 10: Weight sounding test
X.3.6 Field vane test
Aas. G.
Vurdering av korttidsstabilitet i leire på basis av udrenert skjaerfasthet.
(Evaluation of short term stability in clays based on undrained shear strength) (in Norwegian)
NGM -79 Helsingfors, 1979; pp. 588-596.
Aas, G., Lacasse, S., Lunne, T. Höeg, K. (1986)
Use of in-situ tests for foundation design on clay.
ASCE Geotechnical Special Publication 6.
Danish Geotechnical Institute Bulletin No. 7
Copenhagen: DGI, 1959
Hansbo, S.
A new approach to the determination of the shear strength of clay by the fall-cone test
Stockholm: Royal Swedish Geotechnical Institute, Proc. No. 14, 1957
Larsson, R., Bergdahl, U., Erikson, L.
Evaluation of shear strength in cohesive soils with special references to Swedish practice and experience
Linköping: Swedish Geotechnical Institute, Information 3E, 1984
Larsson, R., Åhnberg, H
The effect of slope crest excavations on the stability of slopes
Linköping: Swedish Geotechnical Institute. Report No 63, 2003
Veiledning for utførelse av vingeborr
(Recommendations for vane boring) (in Norwegian)
Melding No. 4, Utgitt 1982, Rev. 1
Norwegian Geotechnical Institute, 1989
Recommended Standard for Field Vane Test
SGF Report 2:93E.
Swedish Geotechnical Society, 1993
X.3.7 Flat dilatometer test
CEN ISO/TS 22476-11, Geotechnical investigation and testing – Field testing – Part II: Flat dilatometer test
Marchetti, S.
In situ test by flat dilatometer
Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division, Proc. ASCE, Vol. 106, N. GT3, 1980
pp 299-321.
Marchetti, S., Monaco, P., Totani, G., Calabrese, M.
The flat dilatometer test (DMT) in soil investigations
ISSMGE TC16 Report;
Bali:Proc. Insitu, 2001
41 pages
X.3.8 Plate loading test
BS 1377-9:1990, Methods of test for soils for civil engineering purposes — Part 9: In situ vertical settlement and strength tests
Burland, J.B.
Reply to discussion
Proc. conf. on in situ investigations of soils and rock
London: Inst. Civil Engineers, 1969
pp 62.
Bergdahl U., Ottosson E., Malmborg B.S.
Plattgrundläggning (Spread foundations) (in Swedish)
Stockholm: AB Svensk Byggtjänst, 1993
282 pages.
Marsland, A.
Model studies of deep in-situ loading tests in clay.
Civ. Eng. and Pub. Wks. Review, Vol 67, No 792, July 1972
pp 695, 697, 698.
X.4 Documents related to laboratory testing
X.4.1 Tests for classification, identification and description of soil
X.4.1.1 Site investigations
BS 5930:1999, Code of practice for site investigations
X.4.1.2 Water content determination
CEN ISO/TS 17892-1, Geotechnical investigation and testing – Laboratory testing of soil-Part 1: Determination of water content
DIN 18 121:1998, Subsoil; testing procedures and testing equipment, water content, determination by drying in oven
NF P 94-050:1995, Soils: Investigation and testing. Determination of moisture content. Oven drying method
BS 1377-2:1990, Methods of test for soils for civil engineering purposes — Part 2: Classification tests
SN 670 340:1959, Essais; Teneur en eau / Versuche; Wassergehalt.
ASTM D2216:1998, Test method for laboratory determination of water (moisture) content of soil, rock, and soil-aggregate mixtures
ASTM D2974:2000, Test methods for moisture, ash, and organic matter of peat and other organic soils
ASTM D4542-95(2001), Test methods for pore water extraction and determination of the soluble salt content of soils by refractomeler
SS 0271 16:1989, Geotechnical tests – Water content and degree of saturation
X.4.1.3 Bulk density determination
CEN ISO/TS 17892-2, Geotechnical investigation and testing – Laboratory testing of soil -Part 2: Determination of density of fine soils
DIN 18 125:1997, Soil, investigation and testing – Determination of density of soil Part 1: Laboratory tests
NF P 94-053:1991, Soils, Investigation and testing. Determination of density of fine soils. Cutting curb, mould and water immersion methods. Sols : Reconnaissance et Essais – Détermination de la masse volumique des sols fins en laboratoire – Méthodes de la trousse coupante, du moule et de l'immersion dans l'eau.
BS 1377-2:1990, Methods of test for soil for civil engineering purposes — Part 2: Classification tests
SN 670 335:1960, Versuche; Raumgewicht; Sandersatz-Methode / Essais; Poids specifique apparent; Methode du sable
SS 0271 14:1989, Geotechnical tests – Bulk density
X.4.1.4 Particle density determination
CEN ISO/TS 17892-3, Geotechnical investigation and testing – Laboratory testing of soil -Part 3: Determination of density of soil particles
DIN 18 124:1997 Soil, investigation and testing – Determination of density of solid particles -Capillary pyknometer, wide mouth pyknometer
NF P 94-054:1991, Sols: Reconnaissance et Essais – Détermination de la masse volumique des particules solides des sols – Méthode du pycnomètre à eau
BS 1377-2:1990, Methods of test for soil for civil engineering purposes — Part 2: Classification tests
SN 670 335:1960, Versuche; Raumgewicht; Sandersatz-Methode / Essais; Poids specifique apparent; Methode du sable
ASTM D854-02, Test Method for Specific Gravity of Soils
ASTM D4404:84 (1998), Determination of pore volume and pore volume distribution of soil and rock by mercury intrusion porosimetry
SS 0271 15:1989, Geotechnical tests – Grain density and specific gravity
X.4.1.5 Particle size analysis
CEN ISO/TS 17892-4, Geotechnical investigation and testing – Laboratory testing of soil-Part 4: Determination of particle size distribution
DIN 18 123:1996, Soil, investigation and testing – Determination of grain– size distribution
NF P 94-056:1996, Sols: Reconnaissance et Essais – Analyse granulométrique – Méthode par tamisage à sec après lavage (in French)
XP P 94-041:1995, Sols: Reconnaissance et Essais – Identification granulométrique – Méthode de tamisage par voie humide (in French)
BS 1377-2:1990, Methods of test for soil for civil engineering purposes — Part 2: Classification tests; Subclause 9.2 Wet sieving method
BS 1377-2:1990, Methods of test for soil for civil engineering purposes — Part 2: Classification tests; Subclause 9.5 Sedimentation by the hydrometer method
BS 1377-2:1990, Methods of test for soil for civil engineering purposes — Part 2: Classification tests; Subclause 9.4 Sedimentation by pipette method
SN 670 810c:1986, Granulats mineraux et sols; Analyse granulometrique par tamisage / Mineralische Baustoffe und Lockergesteine; Siebanalyse
SN 670 816:1964. Matériaux pierreux; Sédimentométrie par la méthode de l'aréomètre / Gesteinsmaterialien; Schlämmversuch nach der Araeometermethode
ASTM D2217-85 (1998), Wet preparation of s samples for particle size analysis and determination of soil constants
ASTM D422-63 (1998), Test method for particle size analysis of soil SS 0271 23:1992, Geotechnical tests - Particle size distribution – sieving
SS 0271 24:1992, Geotechnical tests - Particle size distribution – sedimentation, hydrometer method
X.4.1.6 Consistency (Atterberg) limits determination
CEN ISO/TS 17892-12, Geotechnical investigation and testing – Laboratory testing of soil -Part 12: Atterberg limits
DIN 18 122:1997, Soil, investigation and testing Consistency limits Part I: Determination of liquid limit and plastic limit
NF P 94-051:1993, Soils. Investigation and testing. Determination of Atterberg's limits. Liquid limit test using Casagrande apparatus. Plastic limit test on rolled thread
NF P94-052-1:1995. Sols: Reconnaissance et Essais — Determination des limites d'Atterberg — Partie 1 : Limits de liquidité – Méthode du cône de pénétration
BS 1377-2:1990. Methods of test for soil for civil engineering purposes — Part 2: Classification tests; Clause 4 Determination of the liquid limit
BS 1377-2:1990, Methods of test for soil for civil engineering purposes — Part 2: Classification tests; Clause 5 Determination of the plastic limit and plasticity index
SN 670 345:1959, Essais; Limites de consistence / Versuche; Konsistenzgrenzen
SS 0271 20: 1990, Geotechnical tests – Cone liquid limit
SS 0271 21: 1990, Geotechnical tests – Plastic limit
X.4.1.7 Determination of the density index of granular soil
BS 1377-4:1990, Methods of test for soil for civil engineering purposes — Part 4: Compaction related tests; Clause 4 Determination of maximum and minimum dry densities for granular soils
NF P 94-059:2000, Sols: Reconnaissance et Essais – Détermination des masses volumiques minimale et maximale des sols non cohérents
X.4.1.8 Soil dispersibility determination
BS 1377-5:1990, Methods of test for soil for civil engineering purposes — Part 5: Compressibility, permeability and durability tests; Clause 6 Determination of dispersibility
X.4.1.9 Frost susceptibility determination
SN 670 321:1994, Essais sur les sols – Essai de gonflement au gel et essai CBR après dégel/ Versuche an Böden – Frosthebungsversuch und CBR-Versuch nach dem Auftauen
BS 1 377-5:1990, Methods of test for soil for civil engineering purposes — Part 5: Compressibility, permeability and durability tests; Clause 7 Determination of frost heave
X.4.2 Chemical testing of soil and groundwater
X.4.2.1 General
BS 1377-3:1990, Methods of test for soil for civil engineering purposes — Part 3: Chemical and electrochemical tests
X.4.2.2 Organic content determination
BS 1377-3:1990, Methods of test for soil for civil engineering purposes — Part 3: Chemical and electrochemical tests; Clause 4 Determination of the mass loss on ignition or an equivalent method
ASTM D2974:1987, Test methods for moisture, ash, and organic matter of peat and other organic soils
NF P 94-055:1993, Sols: Reconnaissance et Essais – Détermination de la teneur pondérale en matières organiques d'un sol – Méthode chimique
XP P94-047:1998, Sols: Reconnaissance et Essais – Détermination de la teneur pondérale en matière organique – Méthode par calcination
SS 0271 05:1990, Geotechnical tests – Organic content – Ignition loss method SS 0271 07:1990, Geotechnical tests – Organic content – Colorimetric method
X.4.2.3 Carbonate content determination
BS 1377-3:1 990, Methods of test for soil for civil engineering purposes — Part 3: Chemical and electrochemical tests; Clause 6 Determination of the carbonate content
DIN 18129, Soil, investigation and testing – Determination of lime content
Head K.H., Manual of Soil Laboratory Testing. Vol.1: Soil Classification and Compaction Tests, 2nd ed:Vol 1:1992
NF P 94-048:1996, Sols: Reconnaissance et Essais – Détermination de la teneur en carbonate -Méthode du calcimètre
X.4.2.4 Sulfate content determination
BS 1377-3:1990, Methods of test for soil for civil engineering purposes — Part 3: Chemical and electrochemical tests; Clause 5 Determination of the sulfate content of soil and groundwater
X.4.2.5 pH Value determination (acidity and alkalinity)
BS 1377-3:1990, Methods of test for soil for civil engineering purposes — Part 3: Chemical and electrochemical tests; Clause 9 Determination of the pH value
X.4.2.6 Chloride content determination
BS 812-118:1988, Testing aggregates. Methods for determination of sulfate content
BS 1377-3:1990, Methods of test for soil for civil engineering purposes — Part 3: Chemical and electrochemical tests; Subclauses 7.2, 7.3
X.4.3 Strength index testing of soil
X.4.3.1 Laboratory vane
BS 1377-7:1990, Methods of test for soils for civil engineering purposes — Part 7: Shear strength tests (total stress)
NF P 94-072:1995, Sols: Reconnaissance et Essais – Essai scissométrique en laboratoire
X.4.3.2 Fall cone
CEN ISO/TS 17892-6, Geotechnical investigation and testing – Laboratory testing of soil. – Part 6: Fall cone test
SS 02 7125:1991, Geotechnical test methods. Undrained shear strength. Fall cone test Cohesive soil
X.4.4 Strength testing of soil
X.4.4.1 Unconfined compression
CEN ISO/TS 17892-7, Geotechnical investigation and testing – Laboratory testing of soil -Part 7: Unconfined compression test on fine grained soils
NF P 94-077:1997, Sols: Reconnaissance et Essais – Essai de compression uniaxiale
X.4.4.2 Unconsolidated undrained compression
CEN ISO/TS 17892-8, Geotechnical investigation and testing – Laboratory testing of soil – Part 8: Unconsolidated undrained triaxial test
NF P 94-070:1994, Sols: Reconnaissance et Essais – Essais à l'appareil triaxial de révolution -Généralités, définitions
NF P 94-074:1994. Sols: Reconnaissance et Essais – Essai à l'appareil triaxial de révolution -Appareillage – Preparation des éprouvettes – Essais (UU) non consolidé non drainé – Essai (CU + u) consolidé non drainé avec mesure depression interstitielle – Essai (CD) consolidé drainé.
X.4.4.3 Consolidated triaxial compression test
CEN ISO/TS 17892-9. Geotechnical investigation and testing – Laboratory testing of soil -Part 9: Consolidated triaxial compression tests on water saturated soils
BS 1377-8:1990, Methods of test for soils for civil engineering purposes — Part 8 Shear strength tests (effective stress)
NF P 94-070:1994. Sols: Reconnaissance et Essais – Essais à l'appareil triaxial de révolution -Généralités, définitions
NF P 94-074:1994, Sols : Reconnaissance et Essais – Essai à l'appareil triaxial de révolution - Appareillage – Préparation des éprouvettes – Essais (UU) non consolidé non drainé – Essai (CU + u) consolidé non drainé avec mesure de pression interstitielle – Essai (CD) consolidé drainé.
X.4.4.4 Consolidated direct shear box tests
CEN ISO/TS 17892-10. Geotechnical investigation and testing – Laboratory testing of soil – Part 10: Direct shear tests
BS 1377-7:1990, Methods of test for soils for civil engineering purposes — Part 7: Shear strength tests (total stress)
ASTM D 3080-98, Test method for direct shear test of soils under consolidated drained conditions
SS027127, Geotechnical tests – shear strength – Direct shear test, CU– and CD– tests – Cohesive soils
NF P94-071-1:1994 Sols : Reconnaissance et Essais – Essai de cisaillement rectiligne à la boîte -Partie 1 : Cisaillenient direct.
NF P94-071-2:1994, Sols: Reconnaissance et Essais – Essai de cisaillement rectiligne à la boîte -Partie 2 : Cisaillement alterné
X.4.5 Compressibility testing of soil
CEN ISO/TS 17892-5, Geotechnical investigation and testing – Laboratory testing of soil – Part 5: incremental loading oedometer test
BS 1377-5:1990, Methods of test for soils for civil engineering purposes — Part 5: Compressibility, permeability and durability tests
NS 8017:1991, Geotechnical testing – Laboratory methods – Determination of one-dimensional consolidation properties by oedometer testing – Method using incremental loading
ASTM D2435-96, Test method for One-Dimensional Consolidation Properties of Soils
XP P94-090-1:1997, Sols: Reconnaissance et Essais – Essai oedométrique -Partie 1 : Essai de compressibilité sur matériaux fins quasi saturés avec chargement par palters
XP P 94-091:1995, Sols: Reconnaissance et Essais – Essai de gonflement à 1'oedomètre -Détermination des déformations par chargement de plusieurs éprouvettes
SS 0271 26:1991, Geotechnical tests – Compression properties – Oedometer test, CRS-test -Cohesive soil
SS 0271 29: 1992, Geotechnical texts – Compression properties – Oedometer test, incremental loading – Cohesive soil
X.4.6 Compaction testing of soil
BS 1377-4:1990, Methods of test for soils for civil engineering purposes — Part 4: Compaction related tests; Clause 3 Determination of dry density/moisture content relationship
BS 1377-4:1990, Methods of test for soils for civil engineering purposes — Part 4: Compaction related tests: Clause 7 Determination of California Bearing Ratio (CBR)
NOTE ASTM D-698-78, D-1557-78 and AASHTO /99 and T180 might be used for compaction tests and ASTM D1883-94 and AASHTO T193 might be used for the California Bearing Ratio Determination. However, BS 1377:1990 has minor deviations from the specification in the US recommendations, which are used in most road laboratories.
SS027 109, Geotechnical tests – Compaction properties – Laboratory compaction
NF P 94-078:1997, Sols: Reconnaissance et Essais – Indice CBR après immersion – Indice CBR immédiat – Indice Portant Immédiat – Mesure sur échantillon compacté dans le moule CBR
NF P 94-093:1999, Sols: Reconnaissance et Essais – Détermination des références de compactage d'un matériau – Essai Proctor normal – Essai Proctor modifié
X.4.7 Permeability testing of soil
CEN ISO/TS 17892-11, Geotechnical investigation and testing – Laboratory testing of soil -Part II: Permeability test
BS 1377-5:1990, Methods of test for soils for civil engineering purposes — Part 5: Compressibility, permeability and durability tests
DIN 18130-1:1998, Soil. Investigation and testing. Determination of the coefficient of water permeability. Part 1 Laboratory tests
ISO/DIS 17313, Soil quality – Determination of hydraulic conductivity of saturated porous materials using flexible wall permeameter. ISO/TC 190/SC 5.
NOTE ISO/DIS 17313 relates to environ menial testing and includes some very strict normative clauses not necessary for normal geotechnical purposes.
X.4.8 Preparation of specimen for testing on rock materials
ASTM D4543-01, Preparing Rock Core Specimens and Determining Dimensional and Shape Tolerances
X.4.9 Classification testing of rock materials
X.4.9.1 General
BS 5930:1981, Code of practice for site investigation Section 8 Description and classification of rock for engineering purposes
ISRM Suggested Methods for Rock Characterization, Testing and Monitoring, Part I Site Characterization (1981).
X.4.9.2 Water content determination
ISRM Part 1, Suggested methods for determining water content, porosity, density, absorption and related properties; Section 1 Suggested method for determination of the water content of a rock sample.
X.4.9.3 Density and porosity
ISRM Part 1, Suggested methods for determining water content, porosity, density, absorption and related properties; Section 2 Suggested method for porosity/density determination using saturation and calliper techniques
ISRM Pan 1. Suggested methods for determining water content, porosity, density, absorption and related properties; Section 3 Suggested method for porosity/density determination using saturation and buoyancy techniques
X.4.10 Swelling testing of rock material
X.4.10.1 Swelling pressure index under zero volume change
ISRM Suggested Methods For Determining Swelling and Slake-Durability Index Properties; Test 1 Suggested Method for Determination of the Swelling Pressure Index of Zero Volume Change
X.4.10.2 Swelling strain index for radially confined specimen with axial surcharge
ISRM Suggested Methods For Determining Swelling and Slake-Durability Index Properties; Test 2 Suggested Method for Determination of the Swelling Strain Index for a Radially Confined Specimen with Axial Surcharge
X.4.10.3 Swelling strain developed in Unconfined rock specimen
ISRM Suggested Methods For Determining Swelling and Slake-Durability Index Properties; Test 3 Suggested Method for Determination of the Swelling Strain Developed in an Unconfined Rock Specimen
X.4.11 Strength testing of rock materials
X.4.11.1 Uniaxial compressive strength and deformability
ISRM Suggested Methods For Determining Unconfined Compressive Strength and Deformability
ASTM D 2938:1991. Standard Test Method for Unconfined Compressive Strength of Intact Rock Core Specimens
X.4.11.2 Point load test
ISRM Suggested Method for Determining Point Load Strength;
revised version has been published in International Journal for Rock Mechanics. Min, SCI. & Geomech. Abstr. Vol 22, No. 2, pp. 51-60, 1985
X.4.11.3 Direct shear test
ISRM Suggested Method for Determining Shear Strength, Part 2: Suggested Method For Laboratory Determination of Direct Shear Strength
X.4.11.4 Brazil test
ISRM Suggested Method for Determining Tensile Strength of Rock Materials, Part 2: Suggested Method for Determining Indirect Tensile Strength by the Brazil Test
X.4.11.5 Triaxial compression test
ISRM Suggested Method for Determining the Strength of Rock Materials in Triaxial Compression
X.5 Books, articles and other publications related to laboratory testing
Bieniawski, Z.T. (1989)
Engineering Rock Mass Classification
New York: Wiley
251 p.
BRE Paper BR 279 (19--) "Sulfate and acid attack on concrete in the ground: recommended procedures for soil analysis".
Watford, UK: Building Research Establishment
A guide to engineering geological description
DGF Bulletin l,Rev. 1,
DGF, May 1995
Head, K.H.
Manual of Soil Laboratory Testing. Vol.1: Soil Classification and Compaction Tests, 2nd ed.
London, Pentech Press, 1992
Head, K.H.
Manual of Soil Laboratory Testing. Vol. 2: Permeability, Shear Strength and Compressibility Tests, 2nd ed.
London, Pentech Press, 1994
Head, K.H. (1986)
Manual of Soil Laboratory Testing. Vol. 3: Effective Stress Tests.
London, Pentech Press, 1986
Suggested method for determining point load strength
Min. Sci & Geomech. Abstr. Vol 22, No. 2,
International Journal of Rock Mechanics
ISRM, 1985
pp. 51-60.
Sherard. K.L., Decker, R.S. and Ryker, N.L. (1972)
Piping in Earth Dams of Dispersive Clay Vol. 1, Part 1
Proc. ASCE Specialty Conf. on Performance of Earth and Earth-Supported Structures
West Lafayette, Indiana, Purdue University, June 1972
pp 589-626
Sherard, K.L., Dunnigan, L.P., Decker, R.S. and Steel, E.F.
Pinhole test for identifying dispersive soil
K. Geotechn. Eng. Div., ASCE. Vol. 102, No, GT1 (January), 1976
pp 69-85
Slunga, E. & Saarelainen, S. (1989)
Determination of frost-susceptibility of soil, A.A. Balkema
Proc. of 12th ICSMFE, Vol. 2. Session 19
Rio de Janairo, 13-18 August 1989.
pp 1465-1468
