Annex D

(informative)

Degree of obligation of the specifications

The provisions are marked corresponding to their degree of obligation:

(REQ) requirement;

(REC) recommendation;

(PER) permission;

(POS) possibility;

(ST) statement.

1. Scope

1.1 – 1.6 Provisions

2. Normative reference

List

3. Terms, definitions and symbols

3.1.1 – 3.1.20 List
3.2 List

4. Information needed for the execution of the works

4.1 General

4.1.1 (REQ)
4.1.2 (REQ)

4.2 special features

4.2.1 (REQ)
4.2.2 (REQ)
4.2.3 (REQ)

5 Geotechnical investigation

5.1 General

5.1.1 (REQ)
5.1.2 (REQ)
5.1.3 (REQ)
5.1.4 (REQ)

5.2 Special aspects of soil nailing

5.2.1 (REQ)
5.2.2 (REQ)
5.2.3 (REC)
5.2.4 (REC)
5.2.5 (REQ)

6 Materials and products

6.1 General

6.1.1 (POS)
6.1.2 (REQ)
6.1.3 (REQ)
6.1.4 (REQ)
6.1.5 (REQ)
6.1.6 (PER)

6.2 Soil nails systems

6.2.1 General

PER

6.2.2 Reinforcing element

6.2.2.1 General

6.2.2.1.1 (ST)
6.2.2.1.2 (PER)
6.2.2.1.3 (REQ)

6.2.2.2 Metallic reinforcing element

6.2.2.2.1 (REQ)
6.2.2.2.2 (REQ)
6.2.2.2.3 (REC)
6.2.2.2.4 (REQ)
6.2.2.2.5 (REQ)
6.2.2.2.6 (REQ)

6.2.2.3 Non-metallic reinforcing element

6.2.2.3.1 (PER)
6.2.2.3.2 (REQ)

6.2.2.4 Joints and couplings

6.2.2.3.1 (POS)
6.2.2.3.2 (REQ)

6.2.3 Grout

6.2.3.1 (REQ)
6.2.3.2 (REQ)
6.2.3.3 (REC)
6.2.3.4 (PER)
6.2.3.5 (REC)
6.2.3.6 (PER)
6.2.3.7 (REC)

6.2.4 Sheaths and ducts

(REQ)

6.3 Facing systems

6.3.1 General

6.3.1.1 (REC)
6.3.1.2 (REQ)
6.3.1.3 (REQ)
6.3.1.4 (REQ)
6.3.1.5 (REQ)
6.3.1.6 (REQ)
6.3.1.6 (REC)

6.3.2 Panels and blocks (normally precast)

6.3.2.1 (REC)
6.3.2.2 (REQ)
6.3.2.3 (REQ)

6.3.3 Sprayed concrete and cast in place concrete

6.3.3.1 (REQ)
6.3.3.2 (PER)
6.3.3.3 (REQ)
6.3.3.4 (REQ)

6.3.4 Mesh

6.3.4.1 (REQ)
6.3.4.2 (REQ)
6.3.4.3 (REQ)
6.3.4.4 (REQ)

6.3.5 Other materials

6.3.5.1 (REQ)
6.3.5.2 (REQ)

6.4 Drainage systems

(REQ)
NOTE

7 Design consideration

7.1 General

7.1.1 (ST)
7.1.2 (REC)
7.1.3 (REQ)
7.1.4 (REQ)
7.1.5 (REQ)
7.1.6 (PER)
7.1.7 (REQ)
7.1.8 (REC)
7.1.9 (REC)

7.2 Design output

7.2.1 (REC)
7.2.2 (REC)
7.2.3 (REQ)
7.2.4 (REQ)
7.2.5 (REQ)
7.2.6 (REQ)

7.3 Design amendments

7.3.1 (PER)
7.3.2 (REQ)
7.3.3 (REQ)

8 Execution

8.1 General

8.1.1 (POS)
8.1.2 (REQ)
8.1.3 (POS)

8.2 Preliminary work

(POS)

8.3 Excavation / Face preparation

8.3.1 (REQ)
8.3.2 (PER)
8.3.3 (POS)
8.3.4 (PER)
8.3.5 (REC)
8.3.6 (REC)
8.3.7 (REC)
8.3.8 (REQ)
8.3.9 (REQ)
8.3.10 (REQ)
8.3.11 (PER)
8.3.12 (REQ)
8.3.13 (REQ)
8.3.14 (REQ)
8.3.15 (REC)

8.4 Nail installation

8.4.1 General

8.4.1.1 (POS)
8.4.1.2 (REQ)
8.4.1.3 (REQ)
8.4.1.4 (REQ)
8.4.1.5 (REQ)
8.4.1.6 (REQ)
8.4.1.7 (REQ)
8.4.1.8 (REQ)

8.4.2 Driven installation methods

8.4.2.1 (PER)
8.4.2.2 (REQ)

8.4.3 Drilled installation methods

8.4.3.1 General

8.4.3.1.1 (POS)
8.4.3.1.2 (REQ)
8.4.3.1.3 (REQ)
8.4.3.1.4 (PER)
8.4.3.1.5 (REQ)

8.4.3.2 Uncased drilling

8.4.3.2.1 (POS)
8.4.3.2.2 (REC)
8.4.3.2.3 (REC)
8.4.3.2.4 (REC)

8.4.3.3 Cased hole drilling and hollow auger drilling

8.4.3.3.1 (REC)
8.4.3.3.2 (PER)
8.4.3.3.3 (REC)
8.4.3.3.4 (REQ)

8.4.3.4 Self-drilled hollow bar soil nails

8.4.3.4.1 (ST)
8.4.3.4.2 (REC)
8.4.3.4.3 (REQ)
8.4.3.4.4 (REC)
8.4.3.4.5 (REQ)

8.4.4 Grouting procedures

8.4.4.1 General

8.4.4.1.1 (PER)
8.4.4.1.2 (PER)
8.4.4.1.3 (PER)
8.4.4.1.4 (REC)
8.4.4.1.5 (REC)
8.4.4.1.6 (REC)
8.4.4.1.7 (PER)

8.4.4.2 Gravity grouting

8.4.4.2.1 (ST)
8.4.4.2.2 (REC)

8.4.4.3 Pressure grouting

8.4.4.3.1 (POS)
8.4.4.3.2 (POS)
8.4.4.3.3 (PER)
8.4.4.3.4 (REC)
8.4.4.3.5 (PER)

8.4.5 Other nail installation methods

8.4.5.1 (REQ)
8.4.5.2 (REQ)

8.5 Drainage system

8.5.1 General

8.5.1.1 (REQ)
8.5.1.2 (REQ)
8.5.1.3 (REC)
8.5.1.4 (POS)
8.5.1.5 (REQ)
8.5.1.6 (REC)

8.5.2 Surface drainage

8.5.2.1 (REQ)
8.5.2.2 (REC)
8.5.2.3 (REC)
8.5.2.4 (REC)
8.5.2.5 (POS)
8.5.2.6 (REC)

8.5.3 Facing drainage

8.5.3.1 (ST)
8.5.3.2 (REC)
8.5.3.3 (REQ)
8.5.3.4 (REQ)

8.5.4 Subsurface drainage

8.5.4.1 (REC)
8.5.4.2 (REQ)
8.5.4.3 (REQ)
8.5.4.4 (REQ)
8.5.4.5 (REQ)
8.5.4.6 (REQ)

8.5.5 De-watering

(REQ)

8.6 Facing installation and connection with nail heads

8.6.1 Hard facing

8.6.1.1 (PER)
8.6.1.2 (REQ)
8.6.1.3 (PER)
8.6.1.4 (PER)
8.6.1.5 (REC)

8.6.2 Flexible facing

8.6.2.1 (REQ)
8.6.2.2 (REQ)
8.6.2.3 (REC)

8.6.3 Soft facing

8.6.3.1 (REQ)
8.6.3.2 (REQ)
8.6.3.3 (PER)
8.6.3.4 (REQ)
8.6.3.5 (REQ)
8.6.3.6 (REC)
8.6.3.7 (POS)
8.6.3.8 (REC)

8.6.4 No modification to existing surface

8.6.4.1 (POS)
8.6.4.2 (REQ)
8.6.4.3 (REC)

9 Supervision, testing and monitoring

9.1 General

9.1.1 (REQ)
9.1.2 (REQ)
9.1.3 (REQ)
9.1.4 (REQ)

9.2 Supervision

9.2.1 (REQ)
9.2.2 (REQ)
9.2.3 (POS)

9.3 Testing

9.3.1 (POS)

9.3.2 Soil nail load tests

9.3.2.1 (REC)
9.3.2.2 (ST)
9.3.2.3 (PER)
9.3.2.4 (REC)
9.3.2.5 (REQ)
9.3.2.6 (REC)

9.3.3 Material tests

9.3.3.1 (ST)
9.3.3.2 (REQ)
9.3.3.3 (REC)
9.3.3.4 (REQ)
9.3.3.5 (REQ)

9.3.4 Face stability tests

9.3.4.1 (REC)
9.3.4.2 (REC)
9.3.4.3 (REC)

9.4 Monitoring during construction

9.4.1 (REQ)
9.4.2 (ST)
9.4.3 (REC)
9.4.4 (REQ)
9.4.5 (REQ)
9.4.4 (REC)

9.5 Measures to facilitate long-term monitoring

9.5.1 (REC)
9.5.2 (REQ)
9.5.3 (PER)
9.5.4 (REQ)
9.5.5 (REQ)

10 Records

10.1 (REQ)
10.2 (REQ)
10.3 (REQ)
10.4 (REQ)
10.5 (REC)
10.6 (REQ)

11 Special requirements

11.1 General

(REQ)

11.2 Noise

11.2.1 (REQ)
11.2.2 (REQ)
11.2.3 (REC)
11.2.4 (POS)

11.3 Environmental damage

(REQ)

Bibliography

[1] EN 445, Grout for prestressing tendons — Test methods

[2] EN 446, Grout for prestressing tendons — Grouting procedures

[3] EN 447, Grout for prestressing tendons — Basic requirements

[4] EN 14199, Execution of special geotechnical works — Micropiles

[5] EN 1990, Eurocode — Basis of structural design

[6] EN 1991 (all parts), Eurocode 1 — Actions on structures

EN 14490:2010 Execution of special geotechnical works – Soil nailing