3.3
Activities (03 14xxx)
03 14001
plastic design
method of structural design based on the assumption that under increased loads (01) a redistribution of stress (01) takes place across a structural member (01) after yield point (01) is reached
03 14002
prestress
introduce into a structural member (01) internal stresses (01) of such magnitude and distribution that the stresses (01) resulting from subsequent applied loads (01) are modified
03 14003
post-tension
03 14004
shore
erect shore (01)
03 14005
backprop
distribute construction loads (03 17023) through more than one level of construction (01)
3.4
Processes (03 15xxx)
03 15001
deflection
deformation (01) of a structural member (01) caused by bending
03 15002
tension
state in part of a structural member (01) subject to forces (01) that extend it
3.5
Properties (03 17xxx)
03 17001
fatigue
damage to a structural member (01) caused by repeated application of stresses (01) insufficient to induce failure (11 17012) by a single application
03 17002
monolithic
formed of a single stone (01), or cast to form a structurally continuous mass
03 17003
normal stress
stress (01) component perpendicular to the area concerned
03 17004
permissible stress
03 17005
proof stress
03 17006
yield stress
stress (01) corresponding to a yield point (01)
03 17007
punching shear
stress (01) imposed on a structural member (01) by a load (01) from one structural member (01) tending to penetrate that member
NOTE Calculated by dividing the load (01) from one structural member (01) by the product of the perimeter of its bearing surface (03 12003) area and the thickness (01) of the member.
03 17008
elastic limit
highest stress (01) that can be applied without producing permanent deformation (01)
03 17009
ultimate bearing strength
stress (01) that can be supported by ground (01) or by a construction (01) without applying a factor of safety (01)
03 17010
effective length
length (01) of a beam (01), strut (01) or wall (01) assumed for calculating the slenderness ratio (01)
03 17011
effective span
03 17012
simply supported
without, or assumed to be without, fixity at supports
03 17013
lever arm
distance between the centroids of compressive and tensile forces (01) in a structural member (01) subject to bending
03 17014
neutral axis
plane in a structural member (01) subject to bending, where longitudinal stress (01) is zero
03 17016
stress/strain curve
diagrammatic representation of the relationship between stress (01) and strain (01) in a material (01)
03 17017
secant modulus
slope (01) of the straight line drawn from the origin to any given point on a stress/strain curve (03 17016)
03 17018
tangent modulus
03 17019
section modulus
second moment of area of a plane section about its axis in its plane through the centroid, divided by the distance from that axis to the most remote point of that area
03 17020
plastic modulus
algebraic sum of the first moments of area about an axis through the centroid of a cross-section of a structural member (01)
03 17021
modular ratio
ratio of the elastic modulus (03 17022) of two materials (01) acting together in a structural member (01)
03 17022
elastic modulus
quotient of stress (01) divided by corresponding strain (01) in a material (01) over the range for which this value is constant
03 17023
construction load
load (01) from one structural member (01) specifically related to the execution of construction works (01)