4.4

Processes (03 25xxx)

03   25001
boiling
displacement of soil (01) at the base of an excavation (01) or adjacent to the toe of an embankment (01) caused by pressure of water
03   25002
internal erosion
removal of soil (01) particles caused by liquid flow (BS EN ISO 772) through a soil (01)
03   25003
piping
internal erosion (03 25002) leading to sudden collapse
cf. piping (03 45001)
03   25004
cryoturbation
disturbance of a soil (01) structure by the action (01) of ground (01) ice
03   25005
ravelling
failure (11 17012) of exposed cohesive soil (04 23005) by fracturing
03   25006
heave
upward displacement of the ground (01) as a result of excavation (01), surcharge (03 27031) or installing displacement piles (BS EN 12699)
03   25007
subsidence
downward movement of the ground (01) surface that results from collapse, removal or displacement of underlying material (01)
03   25008
cambering
downwarping of a hard rock (03 23027) stratum (03 23001) in an escarpment valley side or excavation (01) due to extrusion of a soft underlying stratum (03 23001)
NOTE The soft underlying stratum (03 23001) is typically of clay (BS EN 12670).
03   25009
slip
landslip
movement of a mass of soil (01) or rock (03 23027) by gravity
NOTE Often a rotational displacement.
03   25010
rotational slide
rotation of a mass of soil (01) along a curved slip surface (03 27025)
03   25011
circular slide
rotational slide (03 25010) on a slip surface (03 27025) that is approximately circular
03   25012
non-circular slide
rotational slide (03 25010) on a slip surface (03 27025) that is not wholly circular
03   25013
translational slide
movement of a shallow mass of soil (01) in a plane roughly parallel to the slope (01) due to a weakness on the plane
03   25014
flow slide
mud flow
translational slide (03 25013) in saturated soil (03 23021), caused by a sudden increase in pore water pressure (03 27011), in which the soil (01) flows as a viscous fluid
03   25015
slab slide
translational slide (03 25013) in which the sliding mass remains more or less intact
NOTE Usually occurring in the weathered (01) surface of a slope (01).
03   25016
block slide
translational slide (03 25013) in which a block of relatively strong rock (03 23027) or stiff to hard clay (BS EN 12670) moves down a slope (01) as a unit
03   25017
debris slide
translational slide (03 25013) of debris, forming a mantle on a slope (01) or the disturbed material at the toe of a rotational slide (03 25010), when rainfall (05 29004) or diverted surface water (01) causes downward movement of the debris
03   25018
compound slide
movement of a soil (01) mass that combines the characteristics (01) of a rotational slide (03 25010) and a translational slide (03 25013)
03   25019
landslide
large scale slip (03 25009) or flow slide (03 25014)
03   25020
consolidation
reduction of bulk volume of soil (01), usually over a period of time, that results from the closer packing of particles caused by an increase in effective stress (03 27014)
03   25021
misfire
complete or partial failure (11 17012) of an explosion, after action to initiate it

BS 6100-3:2007 Building and civil engineering – Vocabulary Part 3: Civil engineering – General