Protective measures of piezometers

E.1 Open systems

The piezometer pipes ofopen systems shall be protected against damage iftheir upper edge protrudes above ground level (e.g. by stakes driven deep into the ground with triangulated bracing or by concrete blocks (see Figure E.1).

Dimensions in metres

Example of termination of an open piezometer above ground level

Key

1 lockable cap
2 sealing
3 casing
4 concrete ring (optional)
5 concrete
6 protective casing
7 antifreeze layer
8 annular space sealing
9 borehole diameter

Figure E.1 - Example of termination of an open piezometer above ground level

Where protruding piezometers are not desirable, a protective box that is level with the ground (and has a cover capable of withstanding traffic, for example) shall be installed (see Figure E.2). It shall be ensured that any surface water penetrating the box can drain away (e.g. by inserting a drainage pipe in the concrete foundations).

Dimensions in metres

Example of termination of an open piezometer below ground level

Key

1 lockable cap
2 sealing
3 brick
4 anchor
5 concrete with drainage (optional)
6 protective casing
7 antifreeze layer
8 casing
9 annular space sealing
10 borehole diameter
11 road cap

Figure E.2 - Example of termination of an open piezometer below ground level

E.2 Closed systems

All pipes and cables connecting the piezometer and the readout device in closed groundwater systems shall be protected against mechanical damage (e.g. in excavated trenches refilled with sand). Any extension pipes left in the ground until subsequent retraction of the piezometers shall be clearly marked on the site and protected against damage.

Bibliography

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