Annex E

(normative)

Resolution and uncertainties

E.1 Resolution of the measuring devices

Since readings for pressure and volume are either recorded manually or by transducers, it shall be considered that their resolution depends on either the display (for procedure A — data recorded manually) or the data logger (for procedure B — data recorded automatically).

The minimum requirements for the measuring devices of a Ménard pressuremeter test as shown in Table E.1 shall be adhered to.

E.2 Uncertainties of the measurements

The dependence of the accuracy of the measurements on the equipment and the type of measuring devices of pressure and volume included in the equipment shall be considered.

The uncertainty is defined as the interval within which the true measure of the magnitude will be encountered. It can be calculated by reference to ENV 13005.

The uncertainties in pressuremeter testing shall be calculated according to the following possible sources amongst others:

• ambient and transient temperature effects;
• poor de-airing of the equipment;
• data acquisition;
• zero shifts of the measuring device during testing;
• quality of the test pocket;
• soil variability;
• operator.

Annex F

(normative)

Pressuremeter test records

While the contents of the records in F.1 and F.2 are normative minimum requirements, the format may be freely chosen.

F.1 Ménard pressuremeter test data sheet

NAME / ADDRESS	MENARD PRESSUREMETER TEST DATA according to ISO 22476-4 procedure A □ procedure B □	File   Country   Job site identification   Location plan ref.   Sounding No.
CELL PARAMETERS TUBING AND FLUID PARAMETERS PRESSURE LOSS PARAMETERS Code     Type Co- axal   Liquid Nature   Calibration sheet reference No.   Length Cover Twin Lines   Unit weight γI/γw   Ultimate pressure loss pel (MPa)   310 mm   Rubber   Total length (m) Gas Nature   VOLUME LOSS PARAMETERS 370 mm   Nylon canvas       Compressi­bility γg m-1   Calibration sheet reference No.   Type Steel canvas   MEMBRANE PARAMETERS Calibration cylinder diameter di (mm)   E   With metal strips   Supplier type and code   Calibration coefficient a (cm3/MPa)   G   Slotted tube   Pressure loss pm (MPa)   Probe volume Vc (cm3)		Test No. & depth   Test dale and time   Control unit No.   Data logger No.   Operators name   Differential pressure (MPa)   Observations   (Weather, etc.)
SITE READINGS CORRECTED DATA Pressure Hold No. PRESSURE pr (MPa) VOLUMES Vr (cm3) PRES p (MPa) VOL V cm3 SLOPE mi ΔV/Δp cm3/MPA3 CREEP ΔV60/30 (cm3) 1 s 15 s 30 s 60 s 1 s 15 s 30 s 60 s 0                         1                         2                         3                         4                         5                         6                         8                         9                         10                         11                         12                         13                         14                         15                         16                         17                         18                         19                         20                         21                         22                         23                         24		DATUM Levels Relative levels   + 0 (bore hole top) – –     Localization system X =   Y = Drilling rig   Drilling technique   Use (table C.2 abbreviations)   Drilling tool type   Diameter (mm)   Casing foot at (m depth)     Drilling fluid     Length drilled before testing from level (m)   to level (m)   Time(hr + min) completed     Elevations Metre   Time second   Volumes Cubic centimetre   Pressures Megapascal

(continued overleaf)

F.1 Ménard pressuremeter test data sheet (continued)

NOTE In case of procedure A, where pressure and volume at 1 second are not measured, the corresponding columns are disregarded.

F.2 Ménard pressuremeter log

Pressuremeter log According to ISO 22476-4 procedure A □ procedure B □

Pressuremeter sounding inclination if any

File No.

Sounding North direction

Pressuremeter sounding No.

Grid reference x = y = zN =

Layout Drawing No.

Elevation z (m)

Depth below GL (zN) (m)

Information on the ground strata

Water levels

Drill tools Pocket formation technique & dates Casings dates

Pressuremeter limit pressure pLM a● Pressuremeter creep pressure pfa○ (MPa) Ménard pressuremeter modulus EM a(MPa)   0 1 2 3 4 5 10 20 30 40 50

——   ——   ——   ——   ——   ——   ——   ——   ——

Comments

Company

Name Signature

^a Arithmetic or logarithmic scales are acceptable.

Bibliography

[1] ISO 10012, Measurement management systems — Requirements for measurement processes and measuring equipment

[2] General document: Ménard, L, The Interpretation of Pressuremeter Tests Results, Sols-Soils No.26, Paris, 1975. (texts in French and German available)

[3] Modelling the pressuremeter curve: Baud J.-P., Gambin M., Uprichard S.T. Modeling and Automatic Analysis of a Ménard Pressuremeter Test, in: Géotechnique et Informatique, Proceedings of a Symposium Organised by ENPC in Paris, Presses des Ponts, Paris, 1992.

[4] Alternative method to derive E_M from slotted tube tests: Hansbo S., Pramborg G. Experience of the Ménard pressuremeter in foundation design, in: Pressuremeters, Proceedings of ISP3 Symposium organised by BGS in Oxford, Thomas Telford Limited, London, 1990.

[5] EN 1997-1, Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design — Part 1: General rules

[6] EN 1997-2, Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design — Part 2: Ground investigation and testing